Glaser, Erna (née Friedländer)
Biographical details: 12 January 1894 in Plauen – 12 December 1976 in Contra Costa, USA
Occupation: Bilingual secretary
Exile: 1939 Shanghai, 1947 USA
In January 1939, Erna and Moritz Glaser applied for a US visa for themselves and their son Ernst in Berlin. Because the wait was too long, the family opted for an interim escape to Shanghai. There the Glasers made a living, among other things, from room rental. In 1947 Erna Glaser continued her escape with her family to the USA.
Glaser, Moritz (later Morris)
Biographical details: 19 May 1887 in Plathe (now: Płoty, Poland) – 2 May 1973 in San Francisco, USA
Occupation: Businessman
Exile: 1939 Shanghai, 1947 USA
The waiting time for a U.S. visa was too long and so Moritz and Erna Glaser fled with their son Ernst to Shanghai in 1939. Moritz Glaser worked initially as a sales representative. With the help of a loan, the Glasers were able to lease a house and rent out rooms. Daily life was beset by food shortages and the fear of disease. In 1947 Moritz Glaser emigrated with his family to the USA.
Graf, Oskar Maria
Biographical details: 22 July 1894 in Berg (Lake Starnberg) – 28 June 1967 in New York, USA
Occupation: Writer
Exile: 1933 Austria, 1938 Czechoslovakia, 1938 USA
Oskar Maria Graf did not return to Germany following a trip to Vienna in the spring of 1933. In Austria and later in Czechoslovakia he was politically and journalistically active against National Socialism. In 1938, he moved on to the USA. In New York, the writer organised regular informal meetings for emigrants and in 1944 established the Aurora publishing house together with other authors.
Grosz, George (born Georg Groß)
Biographical details: 26 July 1893 Berlin – 6 July 1959 Berlin, FRG
Occupation: Painter, graphic artist
Exile: 1933 USA
Remigration: 1959 Germany/FRG
Upon emigrating from Germany, George Grosz lost the political and social environment to which his art referred. Although he was very productive in the USA and displayed works in many exhibitions which were well received, he could not match his successes in Germany. Grosz relied financially on his teaching and work for newspapers and magazines.
Guggenheimer, Walter Maria
Biographical details: 8 January 1903 in Munich – 16 June 1967 in Frankfurt am Main
Occupation: Journalist, critic, translator
Exile: 1935 Iran
Remigration: 1945 Germany/Western occupation zones (Munich)
In March 1935, the graduate economist's German employer allowed him to transfer to a branch office in Tehran. He emigrated there via Poland and the USSR. In 1941, he volunteered for the Free French Forces and later returned to Europe with them. Guggenheimer viewed the reconstruction of Germany as pragmatic in nature rather than a complete social reformation. This provided the impetus for his later journalistic activity.
